![]() ![]() (2007) “Social organization of the pygmy chimpanzee: multivariate analysis of intracommunity associations. “Bonobo but not chimpanzee infants use socio-sexual contact with peers.” Primates, 52, 2, 111-116. Indicated by their previous identification as a pygmy chimpanzee. Wrangham R (1993) “The evolution of sexuality in chimpanzees and bonobos.” Hum Nat 4:47–79 there are a number of behaviors that characterize the bonobo as a unique ape species. The Pygmy chimpanzee: Evolutionary biology and behavior. Perry, Jr, Evan Trudeau, Hsiuman Lin, Sudhir Kumar (2010) “More reliable estimates of divergence times in Pan using complete mtDNA sequences and accounting for population structure.” Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. Stanford C (1998) “The social behavior of chimpanzees and bonobos: empirical evidence and shifting assumptions”. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1992, xxi+248 pp., 45. Primates of Gashaka: Socioecology and conservation in Nigeria's biodiversity hotspot. “What Females Tell Males About Their Reproductive Status: Are Morphological and Behavioural Cues Reliable Signals of Ovulation in Bonobos (Pan paniscus)?” Ethology 108: 583-600 ![]() , Hodges K, Boesch, C & Hohmann, G (2002). "A new approach to estimate parameters of speciation models with application to apes." Genome Res 17: 1505?1519. Parish AR (1996) “Female relationships in Bonobos (Pan paniscus) Evidence for bonding, cooperation, and female dominance in a male-philopatric species.” Hum Nat 7:61–96 International Journal of Primatology (2006) vol. (2006) “Short-Term Benefits of Play Behavior and Conflict Prevention in Pan paniscus”. The Last Ape: Pygmy Chimpanzee Behavior and Ecology, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. (eds.), Understanding Chimpanzees, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, and London, pp. “The sexual behavior of pygmy chimpanzees.” In Heltne, P. “The divergence of chimpanzee species and subspecies as revealed in multi-population isolation-with-migration analyses.” Mol Biol Evol 27: 921–933. Hohmann G, Fruth B (2000) “Use and function of genital contacts among female bonobos”. Hashimoto C (1997) “Context and development of sexual behavior of wild bonobos at Wamba, Zaire.” Int J Primatol 18:1–21 Evolutionary Anthropology, 20, 4, 131-42. “Female contributions to the peaceful nature of bonobo society”. International Journal of Primatology, Vol. (1989) “Social Interactions and the Life History of Female Pan paniscus in Wamba, Zaire”. ![]() “Matriarchal dominance structure and its change in a wild group of pygmy chimpanzees.” Paper presented at 4th annual meeting of Primate Society of Japan, Tsukuba.įuruishi, T. “Biliano Sumu Moride (In the Forest of Pygmy Chimpanzees)”, Tokyo Kagaku Dohjin, Tokyo (in Japanese).įuruichi, T. University of California Pressįuruichi, T. “Bonobo sex and society”.Scientific American, 272, 3, 82-8.ĭe Waal F, Lanting F (1997) Bonobo: the forgotten ape. troglodytes: Quality versus Quantity.? International Journal of Primatology, Vol. ?Reproductive Parameters of Female Pan paniscus and P. American Anthropologist, 92: 702–714.ĭe Lathouwers, M, Elsacker, L. (1990), “Issues in Bonobo (Pan paniscus) Sexual Behavior”. Therefore, the village people consider the bonobos akin to distant brothers and do not kill or eat them.Blount, B. Once upon a time, he was roaming in the forest, crying, a spirit of the forest taught him to make fire, after which he left the forest a nd began eating cooked food. However, his younger brother was tired of eating raw foods. According to this belief, an older brother in a family of bonobos held to their traditional lif estyle and his descendants thus remained in the forest as bonobos. The chimpanzees in the area have little fear of humans, because of a local legend, that the humans and bonobos were cousins. It took over a year of effort by Kano and his assistant, Suehisa Kuroda, before they could habituate the first group of bonobos in the area, provisioning them via a sugarcane patch. Unlike the area near Lake Tumba visited by Nishida, there was no tradition of hunting chimpanzees for bushmeat here. He eventually came upon the village of W amba, where the villagers were more welcoming, and he could hear bonobo calls from the forest. ![]()
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